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Confucius Institute
Confucius Institute () is a non-profit public educational organization affiliated with the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China,〔 whose aim is to promote Chinese language and culture, support local Chinese teaching internationally, and facilitate cultural exchanges.
The Confucius Institute is sometimes compared to language and culture promotion organizations such as Britain's British Council, France's Alliance Française, Spain's Instituto Cervantes and Germany's Goethe-Institut. Unlike these organizations, however, Confucius Institutes operate within established universities, colleges, and secondary schools around the world, providing funding, teachers and educational materials. This has raised concerns over their influence on academic freedom, the possibility of industrial espionage,〔('Has BCIT sold out to Chinese propaganda?' ), The Vancouver Sun, 2 April 2008.〕 and concerns that the institutes present a selective and politicized view of China as a means of advancing the country's soft power internationally.〔〔The Economist, (China's Confucius Institutes: Rectification of Statues ), 20 Jan 2011.〕
The Confucius Institute program began in 2004 and is overseen by Hanban (officially the Office of Chinese Language Council International). The program is governed by a council whose top-level members are drawn from the Communist Party of China leadership and various state ministries.〔Fabrice De Pierrebourg and Michel Juneau-Katsuya, “Nest of Spies: the starting truth about foreign agents at work within Canada’s borders,” HarperCollins Canada, 2009. pp 160 – 162〕 The institutes operate in co-operation with local affiliate colleges and universities around the world, and financing is shared between Hanban and the host institutions. The related Confucius Classroom program partners with local secondary schools or school districts to provide teachers and instructional materials.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://college.chinese.cn/en/article/2009-08/29/content_22308.htm )〕
==History==
The first Confucius Institute opened on 21 November 2004 in Seoul, South Korea, after establishing a pilot institute in Tashkent, Uzbekistan in June 2004. Hundreds more have opened since in dozens of countries around the world, with the highest concentration of Institutes in the United States, Japan, and South Korea. In April 2007, the first research-based Confucius Institute opened in Waseda University in Japan. In partnership with Peking University, the program promotes research activities of graduate students studying Chinese.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.waseda.jp/eng/news07/070412e.html )〕 As of 2014, there were over 480 Confucius Institutes in dozens of countries in six continents.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.confucius.ucla.edu/about-us/confucius-institutes-worldwide )〕〔http://confuciusinstitute.unl.edu/institutes.shtml〕 The Ministry of Education estimates that 100 million people overseas may be learning Chinese by 2010 and the program is expanding rapidly in order to keep up.〔(China to host second Confucius Institute Conference ), Xinhua, 6 December 2007.〕 Hanban aims to establish 1,000 Confucius Institutes by 2020.〔(Confucius Institute: promoting language, culture and friendliness ), Xinhua, 2 October 2006.〕 The rapid expansion of Confucius Institutes has led to a backlash, especially in the United States and other Western countries.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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